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(24.11.2025) Every second counts in the event of a stroke. The first signs can be recognized quickly and reliably with a simple test. An expert explains.

A stroke can trigger very different symptoms. It often results in speech or language disorders, paralysis on one side of the arm or leg or numbness. Vision can also be suddenly impaired - for example due to a restricted field of vision or reduced visual acuity. In rarer cases, headaches occur.

Stroke check: FAST

Recognizing warning signs early on

"A stroke can cause many, many symptoms," explains Prof. Dr. Jürgen Bardutzky, Senior Consultant at the Department of Neurology and Neuroscience at the Medical Center - University of Freiburg. "Speech and language disorders are particularly common. Paralysis of the arm or leg is just as common."

Important to know: A stroke does not only affect older people. Younger people and even children can also be affected - for example due to certain pre-existing conditions or risk factors.

The FAST test: four simple questions

The FAST test can be used to check whether a stroke has actually occurred. The four letters stand for Face, Arms, Speech and Time - and help to identify symptoms quickly.

• Face: The person affected is asked to smile. If one corner of the mouth droops, there is a suspicion.
• Arms: Both arms should be raised at the same time. If one arm drops, this is another warning sign.
• Speech: A simple sentence should be spoken. If this is not possible or the speech sounds slurred, you need to hurry.
• Time: Every minute counts - call 112 immediately.

"Even if one of these points, i.e. symptoms, applies, a stroke is suspected and action must be taken quickly," emphasizes Bardutzky.

React correctly - even on site

The emergency services are on their way - but what happens until then? It is important to stay with the affected person, remain calm and support them.

"It is very important to stay calm, reassure the person, sit them down or lie them down and show them that they are not alone," says Bardutzky. After all, it's not just the quick emergency call that is crucial - the first few minutes on the scene can also determine the further course of events.

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