Wir überwinden Grenzen

(July 9, 2026) Summer draws many people to lakes, rivers, and swimming pools. Yet tragic swimming accidents occur time and again—often even though the victims could swim.

In 2025, approximately 400 people drowned in swimming accidents in Germany. “Many people underestimate the dangers in the water. A large proportion of those who drown each year could swim,” warns Prof. Dr. Hans-Jörg Busch, Medical Director of the Emergency Department at the Medical Center – University of Freiburg. “Anyone who jumps directly into cold water after being warmed by the sun exposes their body to a severe cold shock. This can impair circulation so severely that, in extreme cases, it can lead to loss of consciousness and thus the risk of drowning.”

In 2025, approximately 400 people drowned in swimming-related accidents in Germany. “Many people underestimate the dangers in the water. A large proportion of those who drown each year could swim,” warns Prof. Dr. Hans-Jörg Busch, Medical Director of the Emergency Department at the Medical Center – University of Freiburg. “Anyone who jumps directly into cold water after being warmed by the sun exposes their body to a severe cold shock. This can impair circulation so severely that, in extreme cases, it can lead to loss of consciousness and thus to the risk of drowning.”

Checklist: Staying Safe in the Water Link

Muscle cramps caused by overexertion or overconfidence also play a major role—often in combination with alcohol.

Most people drown silently

Unlike in movies, drowning usually happens silently. “People in mortal danger struggle with all their might against sinking. Since they often cannot call for help or wave, their plight often goes unnoticed by others,” says Busch.

The Three Most Important Swimming Rules

To prevent swimming accidents, Busch recommends three simple rules.

Cool off before swimming

“Cool off before jumping into the water to avoid cold shock.”

Never go into the water alone

“Always swim with someone else. That way, help can be summoned quickly in an emergency.”

Realistically assess your own abilities

“Don’t underestimate currents and distances—especially in rivers and lakes. Don’t overestimate your strength!”

What to do in an emergency?

If someone is in distress in the water, it’s important to act quickly and calmly.

“Don’t jump in after them without thinking. Call for help and look for a floating object you can throw to the person,” says Busch.

Your own safety always comes first

People who are drowning often develop tremendous strength and, in their panic, cling to anything they can reach.

“Anyone who isn’t specifically trained in water rescue should not attempt to rescue a drowning person directly—the risk of getting into trouble yourself is very high,” emphasizes Busch.

Checklist: Staying Safe in the Water

✔ Cool off before swimming

✔ Don’t go into the water alone

✔ Realistically assess your own abilities

✔ Don’t underestimate currents and distances

✔ Call for help in an emergency

✔ Look for a floatable object

✔ Your own safety comes first

This article was medically reviewed by

Prof. Dr. Hans-Jörg Busch
Medical Director of the Emergency Department at the Medical Center – University of Freiburg

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