Cellular Innate Immunity
The main scientific interest is in the development of cellular innate immunity at interfaces. Of particular interest are cellular programs and signals from the microenvironment in the site-specific differentiation and adaptation of tissue macrophages throughout life, i.e., beginning in the uterus and extending from the bone marrow to critical sites in the body (e.g., skin, lungs, intestines).
We combine experimental infection models in mice and in vitro, high-resolution imaging, multicolor flow cytometry, single-cell transcriptomics, and metabolic analysis to explore new avenues for understanding and modulating the limits of cellular plasticity. Our research is particularly important for understanding the postnatal development of innate immunity and ultimately enables the development of intervention strategies to combat infectious diseases and promote early tissue repair.
Research focus
The main topics of the laboratory are:
- Macrophage differentiation in tissue immunity against mycobacteria. Multinucleated macrophages (MGCs) are the hallmark of mycobacterial granulomas. We investigate the cellular and metabolic basis of MGC formation in granulomas as potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets in mycobacterial infections. A particular focus is on lipid biosynthesis and macrophage precursor cells.
- Development and environmental adaptation of submucocutaneous and CNS macrophages at the beginning of life. Key questions: Do microanatomical niches influence the differentiation programs of macrophages? How do origin and self-renewal affect these processes? How does niche-dependent macrophage adaptation affect tissue defense against staphylococci and streptococci and tissue repair?
- Effects of early cytomegalovirus infections on the programming of macrophages/monocytes. Key questions: What influence do cytomegalovirus infections have on the development of macrophages in the intestine? How does early cytomegalovirus infection affect the immune response to bacterial infections later in life?
- The role of macrophages in intestinal homeostasis. Key questions: Which signaling events control the regulatory properties of macrophages in the lamina propria? Can synthetic macrophages be developed as cell therapy for intestinal inflammation?
- Monogenic defects in cellular innate immunity. Key questions: Which genes in myeloid and epithelial cells are essential for antimicrobial defense in children? How do aberrations in these genes lead to immunopathology?
Team
| Postnatal Macrophage Development – Focus Skin and Nervous System | Mycobacterial Immunity |
| Dr. Florens Lohrmann (post doc) | Anne Lösslein (post-doc) |
| Vitka Gres (PhD student) | Jana Neuber (PhD student) |
| Merve Göcer (Master’s student) | Björn Schorch (post doc) |
| Macrophage reprogramming by CMV | Tiago Martins (PhD student, SGBM) |
| Sebastian Baasch (post doc) | Stephan Schwer (MD student) |
| Agnibesh Dey (PhD student, EURIdoc) | Philipp Merck (MD student) |
| Alina Nelipovich (PhD student) | Leonhard Wagner (MD student) |
| Human Neonatal Microbiome and Immune Development | Intestinal Macrophages and Microbiota |
| Martin Kuntz (post doc, neonatologist) | Julia Kolter |
| Timmy Ngyuen (physician scientist) | Zohreh Mansouri Moghadam (PhD student) |
| Laborteam /BTA | Mirjam Freudenhammer (PhD student) |
| Anita Imm | Ramona Eckert (MD student) |
| Reem Al-Sumati | Junior Group Immunity in Barrier Tissues |
| Adriana Greco | Julia Kolter (group leader) |
| Clarissa-Laura Döring (PhD student) | |
| Nisreen Ghanem (PhD student) | |
| Elidianne Anibal (PhD student, guest from Sao Paolo) | |
Selected recent publications
- Cytomegalovirus subverts macrophage identity. Baasch, S., Giansanti, P., Kolter, J., Riedl, A., Forde, A.J. Runge, S., … & Henneke, P. 2021. Cell, 184(14): 3774.
- Monocyte progenitors give rise to multinucleated giant cells. Lösslein, A., F. Lohrmann, L. Scheuermann, K. Gharun, J. Neuber, J. Kolter, A. Forde, … & P. Henneke. 2021. Nat Comm 12, 2027.
- Resident macrophages acquire innate immune memory in staphylococcal skin infection. Feuerstein, R., Forde, A.J., Lohrmann, F., Kolter, J., Ramirez, N.J., Zimmermann, J,. Gomez de Agüero, M., & Henneke P. 2020. Elife. 2020 Jul 8;9:e55602.
- A subset of skin macrophages contributes to surveillance and regeneration of local nerves. Kolter, J., R. Feuerstein, …, T. Lämmermann, M. Prinz & Henneke, P. Immunity, 2019, 50:1482-1497.
- Metabolic rewiring tunes dermal macrophages in staphylococcal skin infection. Forde AJ, Kolter J, Zwicky P, Baasch S, Lohrmann F, Eckert M, Gres V, Lagies S, Gorka O, Rambold AS, Buescher JM, Kammerer B, Lachmann N, Prinz M, Groß O, Pearce EJ, Becher B, Henneke P. Sci Immunol. 2023 Aug 18;8(86):eadg3517. doi: 10.1126/sciimmunol.adg3517. Epub 2023 Aug 11. PMID: 37566679.
- DNA damage signaling instructs polyploid macrophage fate in granulomas. Bergdolt, L.,…, Henneke, P. & Triantafyllopoulou, A. Cell, 2016. 167:1264-1280.
- Deficiency of innate and acquired immunity caused by an IKBKB mutation. Pannicke U*, Baumann B*, Fuchs S*. Henneke P*…, and Schwarz K. N Engl J Med, 2013, 369:2504-14. (* equal contribution)
Cooperation, collaboration, and networks
Promotion
Research Group Leader
Prof. Dr. med. Philipp Henneke
philipp.henneke@uniklinik-freiburg.de